Endogenous glucocorticoids and their synthetic analogues, such as dexamethasone, stimulate receptor-mediated signal transduction mechanisms on target cells.Some of these mechanisms result in beneficial outcomes whereas others are deleterious in the settings of pathogen infections and immunological ANTIOXIDANT 7 disorders.Here, we review recent stud
The dorsal horn (DH) of the spinal cord is an important structure involved in the integration of nociceptive messages.Plastic changes in the properties of neuronal networks in the DH underlie the development of analgesia as well as of hyperalgesia and allodynia in acute and chronic pain states.Two key mechanisms are involved in these chronic pain s
The fungal genus Venturia Sacc.(anamorph Fusicladium Bonord.) includes plant pathogens that cause substantial economic damage to fruit crops worldwide.Although Venturia inaequalis is considered a model species in plant pathology, other Venturia spp.also cause scab on other fruit trees.Relative to the substantial research that has been conducted on
Elastic optical networks (EONs), which can Digital Art Download flexibly assign spectrum resources to connection requests, have become the most promising technology for the next generation of optical core networks.Routing, modulation and spectrum assignment (RMSA) problem is one of the key issues in elastic optical networks.In the RMSA problem, spe